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Chile

Chile

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The origin of the name is uncertain. Spelled Chili until the later half of the 19th century, it is probable that the name was derived from the Indian word chilli, meaning "place where the earth ends," or from another Indian word tchilli, meaning snow or cold, a reference to the snow-capped Andes that dominate Chile.

CHILEAN SYMBOLS

	Coat of Arms Chilean symbol shows the "Huemul" and the Condor protecting a tri-colored shield with a star in its center. Above there are also tri-colored feathers and below there is an inscription:"POR LA RAZÓN O LA FUERZA", meaning "By reason or Force".
	Flag – Our flag has the same three colors (blue, red and white). The white star represents the brightness in the Chilean sky. The white color stands for the snow of the cordillera and the red represents the "Copihue" flower and the Araucanian Indians blood
	A Chilean Flag with the Coat of Arms imprinted in its center is a symbol used for Presidential Ceremonies at the "Palacio de la Moneda", which is located in the capital of Santiago. Chilean National Anthem

Copihue

Chilean Bell Flower.

Lapageria rosea

Native to the cool and rainy southern portions of Chile, until recently it was thought that it could not be grown easily in California. Recommendations for best results were to keep the soil on the acid side and moist. Occasional feedings of blood meal also were beneficial. Saturated, soggy soils should be avoided at the crown level (the plant grows very much like Smilax, forming slender rhizomes). Flowers appear on shoots that are at least a year old at any time of the year. The flower is made up of three outer colored sepals or sepals and three inner petals. During warm summer months, especially warm nights, some varieties sepals fail to color up, remaining shorter, green and narrower. When the night temperatures fall into the low 50s (below 15 C), the petals become firmer and more intense in color. This is where some selective breeding and weeding out could be done.

More Information

Legend of the origin of the “ Copihue”

A long, long time ago, when the white man had not yet come the land of the Arauco, Pehuenches or Mapuches, there lived a beautiful princess named Hues, and a vigorous Pehuenche pirnce whose name was Copih. Their tribes were terrible enemies and engaged in regular and deadly combat. Although, above this hatred, laid their love for one another, so that they constantly met secretly in the jungle. But one day, a terrible thing happened, their parents found out and began to tremble in fury.

The two fathers took their separate ways to the lagoon where these two lovers met. When Nahuel saw his daughter in the arms of the enemy, he threw his lance at Copih’s heart and in agony, the young prince sank into the lagoon., leader of the Mapuche, Copiniel did like wise with his foes daughter and she too, sank in agony to the depths of the lagoon. There was much lamentation.

One year later, both tribes met at the lagoon to honor their dead. They built a camp were they lodged, but at dawn the next morning, something incredible happened. Two intertwined spears were rising out of the water, tying them together were vines, and the top, there were two flowers, one red like blood, and the other white as snow. The two tribes understood the message and reconciled, this flower was later to be known to them as Copihue, which is a mix of the lover’s names.

Legend, registered by Oscar Janó.

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Himno Nacional de Chile

Puro Chile es tu cielo azulado

puras brisas te cruzan tambien

Y tu campo de flores bordados

es la copia feliz del eden

Majestuosa es la blanca montaña

que te dio por baluarte el señor

Y ese mar que tranquilo te baña

te promete el futuro esplendor

y ese mar que tranquilo te baña

te promete el futuro esplendor

Dulce patria recibe los votos

con que Chile tus haras juro

Que o la tumba sera de los libres

o el asilo contra la opresion

Que o la tumba sera de los libres

o el asilo contra la opresion

Que o la tumba sera de los libres

o el asilo contra la opresion

Folklore represents the feeling and history of a nation but, it is sometimes difficult to understand different traditions, costumes, even more difficult than food or languages. Music has always been regarded as an universal language expressed and understood by most of people of the world . My country, Chile, has a rich tradition of folkloric music, with profound roots in Spanish tradition, and also with Argentine and Mexican influences. There are many genres in Chilean music. Some of them are:

Cueca: The national dance of Chile. Known also as Zamacueca, and as Marinera (which means "dance of sailors") in Perú, as it was exported from Valparaiso (Chile) to El Callao (Peru) by the sailors of the last two centuries. It is generally in a rhythm of 6/8; it is a quick dance, sung, with accompaniment of piano, guitars, accordions, (sometimes other instruments). There is much speculation as to where the Cueca originated.

It is generally accepted that the Cueca began in Lima, Peru, but some maintain its origin to be Chile. There is no definitive evidence either way. There are also scholars who believe there is a possibility that the rhythms of the Cueca are of African or Indian origins, yet others feel it may be European (Spanish). In some respects, there are "zoomorphic" elements of the Cueca, which may be reflective of the behavior, and movements of the amorous conquest of the rooster and chicken. The man's steps roughly reflect the wheeling and enthusiasm of the rooster's amorous struggle, while the defensive and cautious nature of the chicken can be seen in the movements of the woman.

Tonada: A more general style of composition, in which the strict metric rules of the cueca are not needed. Most of tonadas have accompaniment of guitar, piano, or both, but other instruments are not excluded. Most of tonadas survive as part of the purest Chilean folklore, and not by creation of the great Chilean musicians.

Waltz: obviously in 3/4, Chilean Waltz is an intermediate state between the popular and folkloric Peruvian Waltz and the melancholic and styled Argentine Waltz. Has nearly the same accompaniment as the Tonada. The most famous are Si vas para Chile (If you ever go to Chile) -the most famous Chilean song-,

Other great Chilean folk styles are the sajuriana, the cachimbo (dance from the North of Chile, commonly related to the Andes range), the mapuchina (with harmonic and melodic base in the music of the Mapuches indians, the ferocious inhabitants of precolombine central Chile), the refalosa (an older style, popular in the times of Spanish colonization), the estilo, the Chilean polka, the trote (also from the Northern Chile), and others of lesser importance. However, there is one of a singular importance, which mixes all 20th century influences: the canción (song). With the base of Chilean traditions, gathers new, foreign styles, so canciones can have many different aspects and textures.